![]() Geographic location, proximity to water, urban structures, latitude and elevation can also influence the weather you experience. The forecast takes into account humidity, temperature, air pressure, wind speed and direction, as well as cloud cover. Photo: NASA Dryden / Tom Tshidaīecause weather takes place hour by hour, forecast models use current atmospheric and oceanic conditions to predict future weather. NASA Dryden meteorologists prepare to launch a weather balloon next to a Sonic Detection And Ranging wind profiling unit. ![]() To make these predictions, meteorologists use weather data and forecast models to determine current and future atmospheric conditions. “Today’s weather forecast is partly cloudy with a chance of showers in the late afternoon…” This is a familiar weather summary that you have probably heard before from a meteorologist. Weather and climate are sometimes used interchangeably, but scientists, meteorologists and researchers study and model them differently. Whereas weather can change dramatically from day to day, the climate means the average conditions over roughly 30 years-how warm is the region, on average, and how much precipitation does it get in a year? Texas’s climate, for example, tends to be warmer for the majority of the year, whereas New York is on average cooler with clearly defined seasons. Very quickly I know if it’s going to rain, whether there’s a storm brewing off the coast, or if I will need extra layers. ![]() Because New York’s climate is drastically different from what I’m used to, every morning before I leave my apartment I religiously check the weather forecast. There’s a famous saying that “The climate is what you expect the weather is what you get.” As a native Texan moving to New York, I had an idea of what to expect, but was not fully prepared for what I would get. Temperature projections based on a climate model. ![]()
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